BRIQUETTING

1. INTRODUCTION 

Energy is one of the most important one which is more helpful to us in various ways for our day-to-day. Not only it’s helpful to us, but also for the all round development of a country. Now mostly we are drawing the major portion of the energy from mainly fossil fuels like petroleum, kerosene, LPG, natural gas, coal, lignite etc. also sometime we have to pay more if the prices of the fuels are increased in international level. The demand for energy is increasing day by day as micro and macro level economy of our country is developing. The basic sources of fossil fuels are decreasing and depleting rapidly.

So there is an urgent need to find and develop alternative sources to replace non-renewable energy sources by renewable energy sources. Hence attempts are made and are also going on to substitute fossil fuels.

2. WHAT ARE BRIQUETTES?

In this attempt, now a suitable technology is used to convert agro-forestry wastage into useful Bio-Fuel To convert agro-forestry wastage into useful Bio-Fuel briquetting machine plant technology is used.

In this technology, the low density bio mass is converted into high density bio mass fuel called BRIQUTTES, which are used to replace solid fuels like coal, wood etc. the briqutting plant technology does not require any chemical to bind the low density bio mass, a substance in solid form is present in all bio masses. When the bio mass is subjected to heavy pressure heat, the lignin is converted into liquid and acts as natural binder to produce high density bio mass fuel  i.e. BRIQUTTES.

As our country is mainly agriculture based one, agricultural and forestry wastes are generated in millions of ton every year. These wastes are not properly used and hence they create air pollution, hygienic problem etc... By disposing these wastes trough briquettes technology, the pollution and hygienic problems are reduced to a maximum level. So the briquettes are the higher bio mass which is produced from the low density agro-forestry wastes which are used to produce high thermal power in the place of coal and wood.

3. WHAT CAN BE USED TO FORM BRIQUETTES   

                                                In briquettes machinery plant, agricultural and forestry wastes are used to make briquettes. But the wastes that are used to make briquettes must be in the form of powder and having moisture level of 7% to 12%. If the material size is more than the powdery form briquettes cannot be formed. If the moisture level of the briquettes is more than 7% to 12% then the formed briquettes will be broke into pieces and form smoke when burning. Hence the raw material should be in the form of powder ond should contain low moisture level.

The following waste are waste are used predominantly to make briquettes

Ø  Bamboo dust

Ø  Bagasse

Ø  Cashew shells

Ø  Coir pith

Ø  Castor seed shells

Ø  Tamarind shells

Ø  Groundnut shells

Ø  Rise husks

Ø  Castor husks

Ø  Coffee bean husks

Ø  Jute wastes

Ø  Tobacco wastes

Ø  Tea wastes

Ø  Saw dust

Ø  Other agro-forestry wastes

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BRIQUETTES WITH OTHER FUEL

FUEL NAME	CALORIFIC VALUE	ASH CONTENT	POLLUTION	POISONOUS EFFLUENT
Coal	3700-4500 Kcal/kg	34%(av) 57%(max)	Sulphur Aromatic Compounds	Sulphur fumes
Leco	6000 Kcal/kg	15%-20%	Sulphur	Phosphorus fumes
Fire wood	2750 Kcal/kg	20%-25%	Smoke	Nil
Briquette	3300-4300 Kcal/kg	0.43-8%(max)	No smoke No sulphur	None